Capitulo 1.   Introducción.

• Ballinger J. Clinical anatomy of physiology of the nose and accessory sinuses. Diseases of the Nose, Throat, and Ear. Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1927.
• Planes A. Fisiología de las fosas nasales y senos paranasales. Acta ORL Esp, 1978; nº extra. 105117.
• Proetz AW. Applied physiology of the nose. Annals publishing Company, St Louis (USA) 1949.

   Capitulo 2.   Histología y morfología de la mucosa nasal.

• Gibbins IL, Jobling P, Morris JL. Functional organization of peripheral vasomotor pathways. Acta Physiol Scand. 2003;177(3):237-45. [PubMed] 

   Capítulo 3. Fisiología de la mucosa nasal: función ciliar.

• Afcelius B. Electron micrsocopy of the sperm tail. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1959;5:269-278.
• Andersen I, Cammer P, Jensen PL, Philipson K, Proctor DF. A comparaon of nasal and tracheobronchial clearance. Arch Environ Health 1974;29:2990-293.
• Andersen I, Proctor DF. Measurement of nasal mucociliary clearance. Eur J Respir Dis Suppl. 1983;64:37-40.
• Armengot M. Aportaciones al conocimiento del sistema de transporte mucociliar nasal humano. Tesis Doctoral. Universidad de Valencia. 1988. 
• Armengot M, Basterra J, Garín L. Valores normales de aclaramiento mucociliar nasal. Comparación de distintas técnicas y substancias. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 1990;41:333-6.[Medline]
• Cauna N, Cauna D, Hinderer KH. Innervation of human nasal glands. J Neurocytol. 1972;1(1):49-60.
• Chevance L, Lennon L. Etude des rythmes du battement ciliaire. Acta Otolaryngol 1970;70:16-28.
• Chilvers MA, O'Callaghan C. Analysis of ciliary beat pattern beat frequency using digital high speed imaging: comparison with the photomultiplier and photodiode methods. Thorax 2000;55:314–317.
• Friedmann I, Bird ES, Ciliary structure, ciliogenesis, microvilli. Laryngoscope 1971;81:1952-1868.
• Hellin Meseguer D, Merino Gálvez E. Transporte mucociliar nasal en sujetos normales. An Otorrinolaringol Ibero Am. 1994;21:503-19.[Medline]
• Ho HC, Chan KN, Hu WH, Kan WK, Zheng L, Tipoe GL, et al. The effect of aging on nasal mucociliary clearance, beat frequency and ultrastructure of respiratory cilia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163:983-8.[Medline]
• Ichimura K, Jackson R. H₁ and H₂ histamine receptors in the in vitro nsal mucosa. Acta otolaryngol 1985;99:610-619.
• Jorissen M, Bessems A. Normal ciliary beat frequency after ciliogenesis in nasal epithelial cells cultured sequentially as monolayer and in suspension. Acta Otolaryngol 1995;115: 66–70.
• Jorissen M, Willems T, Van der Schueren B. Nasal ciliary beat frecuency is age independent. Laryngoscope. 1998;108:1042-7.[Medline]
• Kao CH, Jiang RS, Wang SJ, Yeh SH. Influence of age, gender and ethnicity on nasal mucociliary clearance function. Clin Nucl Med. 1994;19:813-6.[Medline]
• Karisson G et al. The mucosa in inmunodeficience. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1985;100:456.
• Kärjä J, Nuutinen J, Karjalaminen P. Radioisotopic method for measurement of nasal mucocilary activity. Arch Otolaryngol 1982;108:99.
• Kawabata J, Paparella M. Atypical cilia in normal human and guinea pig middle aer mucosa. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1969;67:511.
• Kawakami M. Symposium I: Mucocialry transport-fundamental and clinical aspects, part 1, ultraestruture of mucocliliary transport system. J Jpn Broncho-aesophagol Soc 1985;36:60.

• Lindberg S, Runer T. Method for in vivo measurement of mucociliary activity in the human nose. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1994;103:558–566.

• Mygind N, Pedersen M, Nielsen M. Morphology of the upper airway epithelium. en: The nose. amsterdam: elservier Biomedical Press; 1982. pp 71-94.

• Paltieli Y, Fradis M, Ben-David J, Podoshin L, Shiti H, Kam Z. In vivo measurement of human nasal mucociliary motility using a laser light scattering instrument. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1997;106:859–862.
• Passali D, Bellusi L, Blanchini M, De Seta E. Experiences in the determination of nasal mucociliary transport time. Acta Otolaryngol. 1984;97:319-23.[Medline] 
• Pedersen H, Mygind N. Absence of axonemal arms in nsal mucosa cilia in Kartagener ´s syndrome. Nature 1976;262:494-495.
• Puchelle E, Aug F, Pham QT, Bertrand A. Comparison of three methods for measuring nasal mucociliary clearance in man. Acta Otolaryngol. 1981;91:297-303.[Medline]
• Puchelle E, Aug F, Zahm JM, Bertrand A. Comparison of nasal and bronchial mucociliary clearance in young non smokers. Clin Sci. 1982;62:13-6.[Medline]
• Quinlan MF, Salman SD, Swift DL, Wagner HN, Proctor Jr DN. Measurement of mucociliary function in man. Am Rev Respir Dis 1969;99:13–23.
• Sakakura Y, Ukai K, Majima Y, Murai S, Harada T, Miyoshi Y. Nasal mucociliary clearance under various conditions. Acta Otolaryngol. 1983;96:167-73.[Medline] 
• Stanley P, MacWilliams L, Greenstone M, Mackay I, Cole P. Efficacy of saccharin test for screening to detect abnormal mucociliary clearance. Br J Dis Chest. 1984;78:62-5.[Medline] 
• Tasaka T, soto M, Onodara A. Atypical cilia of the human nasal mucosa. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1980;89:37.
• Xu G, Bu G. The study of morphology and ultraestructure of nasal mucosa in four kinds of rhinopathy. Chin J Otolaryngol 1985;20:106.
• Yoshihara T, Kanda T, Yaku Y, et al. An ultraestructural study of the nasalñ mucosa by rapid freezing and freeze-sustitution. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1986; 101:96.

   Capítulo 4.   Fisiología de la mucosa nasal: función secretora glandular.

• Armengot M, Basterra J. Nasal mucociliary function in the normal newborn. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1995;22:109-113. 
• Boat TF, Kleinerman J. Human respiratory tract secretions. Effect of cholinergic and adrenergic agents on in vitro release of prtein and mucous glycoprotin. Chest 1975;87:38-40. 
• Ducheteau GS, Gramans K, Ludera J, Merkus S. Correlations between nasal ciliary beat frecuency and mucous transport rate in volunteers. Laryngoscope. 1985;95:854-9.[Medline]
• Eccles R. Neurological and pharmacological considerations; pp 190-214. En The nose. Upper airway physiology and the atmospheric environment. amsterdam: elservier Biomedial Press, 1982.
• Girod S, Zahm JM, Plotkowski C, Beck G, Puchelle E. Role of the physiochemical properties of mucus in the protection of the respiratory epithelium. Eur Respir J  1992;5:477–487.
• Guillerm R, Badre R, Riu R, Le Den R, Fallot P. La rhinorheographie. Rev Laryngol 1967; suppl 3:45-60.
• Guillerm R, Morcellet JL et al. Etude du drainage muco-ciliaire nasal chez l´homme par scintigraphies séquentielles d´une particule marquée au technitium 99. Ann otolaryngol (Paris) 1971;85:803-810.
• Jolis R, Sauret J, Coromina J, Cornudella R. Determinación del aclaramiento mucociliar nasal mediante el test de la sacarina en diversas enfermedades respiratorias. Arch Bronconeumol. 1992;28:217-20.
• Lucas A, Douglas L. Principles underlying ciliary activity in the respiratoy tract. Arch Otolaryng 1934;20:518.
• Proctor D. The mucociliary  system. en: The nose. amstendam. elsevier Biomedical Press 1982. pp 245-270.
• Proctor D. Nasal mucous tranport and our ambient air. Laryngoscope 1983;93:58-62.
• Toremalm N. Aerodinamics and mucociliary function in upper airways. Eur J Respir Dis 1985;139:54-56.

   Capítulo 5.   Fisiología de la mucosa nasal: función vasomotora.

• Anggard A. Capillary and shunt blood flow in the nasal mucosa of the cat. Acta Otolaryngol. 1974;78(5-6):418-22.
• Anggard A, Densert O. Adrenergic innervation of the nasal mucosa in cat. A histological and physiological study. Acta Otolaryngol. 1974;78(3-4):232-41.
• Anggard A. Parasympathetic influence on the nasal mucosa. Acta Otolaryngol. 1977;83(1-2):22-4.
• Anggard A, Lacroix JS, Kubo N, Kumazawa T. Fireside conference 1. Autonomic nerve control of the nasal mucosa. Rhinol Suppl. 1992;14:176-80. [PubMed] 
• Anggard A. The effect of prostaglandins on nasal airway resistance in man. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1969;78(3):657-62.
• Anggard A. Basic mechanisms in autonomic nervous responses in specific and nonspecific nasal hyperreactivity.Acta Otolaryngol. 1993;113(3):394-6. [PubMed] 
• Babin RW. A review of the autonomic control of nasal function. Ear Nose Throat J. 1977;56(11):443-9.
• Baraniuk JN. Neural control of human nasal secretion. Pulm Pharmacol. 1991;4(1):20-31. [PubMed]
• Bende M, Elner A, Ohlin P. The effect of provoked reaction and histamine on nasal mucosal blood flow in human. acta Otolaryntol 1984;99:99-104.
• Bernstein JM. The role of autonomic nervous system and inflammatory mediators in nasal hyperreactivity: a review. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1991;105(4):596-607. [PubMed]
• Cauna N, Hinderer KH. Fine structure of blood vessels of the human nasal respiratory mucosa. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1969;78(4):865-79.
• Cauna N. Blood and nerve supply of the nasal lining. En: The nose. Upper airway physiology and the atmospheric enviroment. amsterdam: elsevier Biomedical Press; 1982. pp 45-46.
• Cole Ph. Erectile mucosa. En: The respiratory role of the upper airways. St. Lous: Mosby Year Book, Inc; 1993. pp 20-31.
• Folkow B. Nervous control of the blood vessels. Physiol Rev. 1955;35(3):629-63.
• Ishii T. The cholinergic innervation of the human nasal mucosa. A histochemical study. Pract Otorhinolaryngol (Basel). 1970;32(3):153-8.
• Guerrier Y, Uziel A. Physiologie nasale respiratoire et troubles fonctionnels. Encycl Med Chir (París) Oto Rhino Laryngologie 20290 A10 (12-1978).
• Houbeau C, Sulon J, Demey-Dorsar, Melon J. Secretion du cortisol et de la methylprenisolone par la mucqueuse nasale. Acta Oto Rhino Laryngl Bel 1986;40:582-591.
• Klaassen AB, van Megen YJ, Kuijpers W, van den Broek P. Autonomic innervation of the nasal mucosa. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 1988;50(1):32-41. [PubMed]
• Myging N. Fisiologia aplicada de la nariz. En: Alergía nasal. Barcelona: Salvat Editores S.A.; 1982. pp 37-51.  
• Nomura Y, Matsuura T. Distribution and clinical significance of the autonomic nervous system in the human nasal mucosa. Acta Otolaryngol. 1972;73(6):493-501.

   Capítulo 6.   Fisiología respiratoria nasal.

• Andersen L, Lundqvist G, Proctor DF. Human nasal mucosa funtion under controlled humidities. Amer Rev Resp Dis 1972;106:438-449.
• Cole Ph. Upper respiratory airflow. En: Ther nose. Upper airway phisiology and the atmospheric environment. amsterdam. elservier Biomedical Press. 1982; 136-182.
• Cole Ph. The nasal cycle. En: The respiratory role of the upper aiurways. St. Louis: Mosoby Year Book, Inc; 1993. pp 42-46.
• Dallimore N, Eccles R. changes in human nasal resitence associated with esercise, hyperventilation and rebreathing. Acta Oto Laryngo 1977;84:416-421.
• Eccles R. Studies on the nsal cycle in the immobilized pig. J Physiol 1975;247:1p.
• Ishii J, Ishii T, Ito M. The nasal cycle in patients with autonomic nervous disturbance. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1993;506:51-6. [PubMed] 
• Kayser R. die exacte Messung der Lufdurchgangikeit der Nase. Arch Laryngol 1895;3:101-120.
• Mink P. The nose as a means of breathing, Presse Otolaryngol Belge. 1903; 21:481.
• Stocksted P. The physiologic cycle of the nose under normal and pathologic conditions. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 1952;42:175-179

   Capítulo 7.   Fisiología respiratoria nasal: función de acondicionamiento y defensa.

• Balfour-Lynn IM, Valman B, Silverman M, Webster AD. Nasal IgA response in wheezy infants. Arch Dis Child. 1993;68(4):472-6. [PubMed] 
• Crifo S, Russo M. IgA transport mechanism through the human nasal mucosa: an immunoenzymatic ultrastrutural study. Acta Otolaryngol. 1980;89(3-4):214-21. [PubMed]
• Ingelstedt S. Humidifying capacity of the nose. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1970;3:475-480.
• Proctor D. The upper airways. Nasal physiology and the defense ot the lungs. Am Rev Respir Dis 1977;115:97-129.

   Capítulo 8. Fisiología de los senos paranasales.

• Donald PJ, Gluckman JL, Rice DH. The sinuses. Editorial Raven Press. New York. 1995.
• Fabra Llopis JM. Rinomanometria. Tratado de Otorrinolaringología y cirugia de cabeza y cuello. Tomo I. C. Suárez y cols. Editorial Proyectos Médicos SL. Madrid. 1999: 422-430.
• Hosemann W, Graf S. Flujo mucociliar en las fosas nasales y los senos paranasales. Tratado de Otorrinolaringología y cirugia de cabeza y cuello. Tomo I. C. Suárez y cols. Editorial Proyectos Médicos SL. Madrid. 1999:373-380.
• Van Alyea OE. Frontal sinus drainage. Ann Otol Rhin amd Laryng 1946;55:267.